包军:推进农场动物福利评价技术 助力畜牧业现代化建设
Bao Jun: Promote farm animal welfare evaluation technology to help the modernization of animal husbandry
11月26日,在2022世界农场动物福利与食物健康大会上,动物福利国际合作分会会长、教授、东北农业大学院原校长包军围绕农场动物福利评价技术进行了精彩的分享。包会长系统介绍了世界蛋鸡养殖模式的变迁、发展过程,阐述了以动物福利概念为基础的局限性,提出了未来解决现场实用数据的途径。
On November 26, at the 2022 World Conference on Farm Animal Welfare and Food Health, Bao Jun, president and professor of the International Cooperation Committee of Animal Welfare and former president of Northeast Agricultural University, made a wonderful sharing on farm animal welfare evaluation technology. President Bao systematically introduced the changes and development process of the world's layer hen breeding model, elaborated on the limitations based on the concept of animal welfare, and proposed ways to solve practical data on site in the future.
01报告摘要
首先包军介绍了世界蛋鸡养殖模式的变迁、发展过程和当前国内外鸡养殖模式特点。国外养殖模式的显著特点是规模化、工厂化,逐渐趋向于福利化,这种模式关注畜产品的供给力,同时也保障了动物福利,给我们提出了挑战。
Report summary
Firstly, Bao Jun introduced the changes and development process of the world's layer hen breeding mode and the characteristics of the current chicken breeding mode at home and abroad. The remarkable characteristics of the foreign breeding model are large-scale, industrial, and gradually tend to welfare, which focuses on the supply of livestock products, but also guarantees animal welfare, which poses challenges to us.
他指出,从提高福利上来看,非笼养模式可以增强降低动物的恐惧心理,增加运动,提高对疾病抵抗力,从而增加动物健康水平,为人类提供健康的、良好的畜产品。越发达的国家,规模化养殖比例较低,户外养殖和有机养殖比例就高,像瑞士、奥地利,几乎取消了笼养。他同时指出动物福利模式和各国国情要紧密相结合。
He pointed out that from the perspective of improving welfare, the cage-free model can reduce the fear of animals, increase exercise, improve disease resistance, thereby increasing animal health and providing healthy and good livestock products for humans. The more developed countries have a lower proportion of large-scale farming, the higher the proportion of outdoor farming and organic farming, such as Switzerland and Austria, which have almost eliminated cage farming. He also pointed out that animal welfare models and national conditions should be closely integrated.
02
他系统阐述了以动物福利概念为基础的局限性。理论上,动物福利强调的是动物对环境的“适应”与“协调”。遵循动物福利的“五大自由”原则。比如,情感状态在动物福利评价中的作用分为积极情绪和消极情绪,但存在检测福利指标的精确度问题,主要原因是数据量不足、测试手段落后、指标单一、精度不足、生产环境和试验环境差异大等。
他提出了未来解决现场实用数据的两大途径,一是大数据,二是人工智能,这两方面的发展,为对现场的动物福利评价非常有帮助。
He systematically articulated the limitations based on the concept of animal welfare. In theory, animal welfare emphasizes the "adaptation" and "coordination" of animals to the environment, following the "Five Freedoms" principle of animal welfare. For example, the role of emotional state in animal welfare evaluation is divided into positive emotions and negative emotions, but there is a problem of accuracy in detecting welfare indicators, mainly due to insufficient data volume, backward testing methods, single indicators, insufficient accuracy, and large differences between the production environment and the test environment.
He proposed two major ways to solve the practical data on the site in the future, one is big data and the other is artificial intelligence, the development of these two aspects is very helpful for the evaluation of animal welfare on the spot.
最后,他介绍了农场动物福利监测技术:基于视觉的评估技术、基于听觉的评估技术和基于认知偏差的情感福利评估技术。
如基于视觉的评估技术:可以建立鸡舍预警系统,生产管理者使用自动工具来持续监测肉鸡福利和健康;通过非接触式体重测量,开展体况和体重测定;开展行为监测和健康监测;基于红外热像仪的应用,开发非侵入性定量诊断工具,开展家禽应激、情绪研究,健康监测等。
Finally, he introduced farm animal welfare monitoring techniques: vision-based assessment techniques, auditory-based assessment techniques, and emotional welfare assessment techniques based on cognitive biases.
For example, vision-based evaluation technology: chicken coop early warning system can be established, and production managers use automatic tools to continuously monitor the welfare and health of broiler chickens; Condition and weight measurement through non-contact weight measurement; conduct behavioural and health surveillance; Based on the application of infrared thermal imaging cameras, develop non-invasive quantitative diagnostic tools, carry out poultry stress, mood research, health monitoring, etc.