在2023年9月25日于罗马举办的“同一健康,同一福利”边会上世界动物卫生组织(WOAH)同一健康全球协调人Chadia Wannous介绍了“同一健康”的定义并分享了WOAH对于动物福利相关方面的工作进展和未来愿景。
世界动物卫生组织(WOAH)同一健康全球协调人Chadia Wannous的报告重点关注“同一健康”和“同一福利”的联系。首先她提到“同一健康”的定义,通俗来讲是一个综合、统一的方法,目的是在人、动物和环境之间实现平衡和健康发展。
这一方法认为人类通过生态系统联系在一起,是一个跨学科跨部门的方法,从而动员不同学科、不同行业、政府、以及全社会的人参与进来。WOAH的工作就是在竭尽全力解决动物、人类和环境之间的健康问题。
她介绍道,WOAH与联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)、世界卫生组织(WHO)和联合国环境规划署(UNEP)推出了“同一健康”共同行动计划,还制定了实施指南制定。这一综合的行动计划涉及食品安全、应对抗菌药物耐药性、加强健康体系、减少人畜共患疾病风险等六个方面。其中最重要一个行动计划是关于如何将环境因素纳入到“同一健康”里。
Chadia还分享了实现这些计划的行动路径首先是实现“同一健康”的政策、管理、宣传和资金;其次是协调机制,从国家层面开始,各个层面部门的整合;第三个是数据科学和知识,为采取实现“同一健康”的干预措施提供支撑。
她举例解释道,在食品安全方面,应考虑所有风险因素,并试图通过风险评估,进行风险管理,从农场到餐桌,在各个环节降低食源性疾病的风险和影响。
世界动物卫生组织(WOAH)“同一健康”全球协调人Chadia Wannous
Chadia表示在动物福利方面,WOAH的愿景是在追求动物健康、人类健康和环境健康的同时,实现一个尊重、促进和提高动物福利的世界。WOAH制定了工作策略,其中一项重点工作是制定标准,并在实施标准时,支持各国将标准转化为政策立法和干预措施。
她还提到各项可持续发展目标与动物健康和福利问题之间的紧密联系。世界上有18%的人口依靠牲畜和动物来维持生计和社会经济地位,很重要的一点是要确保动物处于健康状态,有良好的生存环境,它们才能对人类健康和环境健康作出贡献。
以下为英文简报:
Chadia Wannous, One Health Global Coordinator of World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) delivered a speech focusing on the nexus between One Health and One Welfare. She mentioned that the definition of One Health is an integrated, unified approach that aims to sustainably balance the health of people, animal and the environment. It recognized that we are all linked and connected through our ecosystems, and this approach also mobilized multiple sector, multiple disciplines, a different segment of the society in the whole of government, whole of society approach. So WOAH is bringing the strength to tackle and address the health of the animal, human and environment interface.
She introduced WOAH has collaborated with FAO, WHO, UNEP responding to their member countries, developed the one health join plan of action and an implementation guide. For this one health joint plan of action, there are six comprehensive action tracks including one on food safety, one on AMR, one on strengthening health system, one on reducing the risk of zoonotic diseases. Importantly, they have one action track on how to integrate the environmental aspect into one health.
Chadia then shared the pathways that will use to achieve these action tracks. The first one is to look at the policy, the governance, the advocacy and the finance for One Health. The second one is to look at the coordination mechanism, the sectoral integration at the all levels, starting from national level. And the third one is about data science and knowledge that are needed to underpin the interventions for one health.
Chadia gave an example for the one action track on food safety, that we should look at all risk factors and try to lessen the burden and impact of food born diseases through risk assessment, starting from the farm to the fork.
She showed that for animal welfare their vision is to achieve the world where the welfare of the animal is respected, promoted and advanced in a way that compliments the pursuit of animal health, human health and the health of the environment. They also developed strategies. One pillar is developing the standards and when implementing them, supporting countries too turn the standards into policy legislation and interventions.
She also mentioned the linkage between the different SDGs and the issue of animal health and welfare. 18% of the world population are depending on livestock and on animals for their livelihood and socioeconomic status. That's why is very important to ensure that animal are healthy and they are kept in decent conditions that ensure they contribute to human health and to the environment itself.